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The Katmai volcano is located in the Katmai National Park and Nature Reserve in southern Alaska. It is an andesite layered volcano, and its base plate is a northeast anticline composed of Jurassic sedimentary rocks. During the eruption in 1912, a volcanic lake with a diameter of 10 kilometers and a depth of 1200 meters was formed at the top.

Katmai volcano is 2047 meters high. Before the eruption in 1912, we knew nothing about its history. The eruption in 1912 made it one of the largest eruptions recorded in the history of the 20th century. The eruption lasted for 60 hours, emitting 7 cubic kilometers of pyroclastic materials, like a thick layer of snow covering the ground. The smoke cloud enters into the stratosphere and blocks the sunlight, which reduces the solar radiation of the north temperate zone by 10% in that summer, and the temperature drops obviously, causing serious damage to the ecology of this area. Due to the accumulation of volcanic ash after the eruption, there are many volcanic vent holes, forming the world-famous Wanyan Valley and becoming a famous tourist attraction.